The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Level Based on Age and Clinical Type of Melasma
Authors
Abstract
Introduction: Melasma is the most common pigmentation condition on the face due to excessive melanin production and release. The main predisposing factor for melasma is UV exposure. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates the expression of a very large number of target genes in humans. Facial hyperpigmentation is increased in people living in air-polluted areas with particulate matter2.5 (PM2.5) concentrations. Dioxin compounds contained in PM2.5 can activate AhR signaling. This study aims to determine the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) level based on age and clinical type of melasma.
Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design of 30 women with melasma at Prof. CPL Hospital. This study was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance from the Research Ethics Commission of the University of North Sumatra and has obtained permission from the research field of Prof. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital. All subjects underwent history taking, physical examination, dermatological examination, and blood sampling to assess AhR levels by ELISA test. Data were analyzed with Chi square test to assess AhR levels based on age, and to assess AhR levels based on clinical type of melasma with Kruskal Wallis test.
Results: This study shows that the majority of melasma age is 41-50 years with the highest mean AhR level is 882,61 ng/mL, while the lowest AhR level is in the age range of 20-30 years with a mean of 271,5 ng/mL. Chi square test showed that there was a significant relationship between AhR levels and age (p < 0,001). The highest mean AhR levels in melasma subjects were centrofacial type with a mean of 795,50 ng/mL, while the lowest mean AhR levels were found in melasma subjects with malar type with a mean of 623,36 ng/mL. The Kruskal Wallis test showed that there was no significant difference in AhR levels based on the clinical type of melasma (p = 0,930).
Conclusion: That increased the age, the highest AhR levels. The highest average AhR level was centrofacial type of melasma. There was no significant difference in AhR levels based on the clinical type of melasma.
Similar Articles
- Novrida Pratiwi Tarigan, Elvita Rahmi Daulay, Syafrizal Nasution, Renal Artery Caliber In Abdominal CT Scan With IV Contrast Based on Age and Gender , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 1 No. 3 (2022): December
- Liza Muknisa, Sarah Ika Nainggolan Nainggolan, Rusnaidi Rusnaidi, Yusra Septivera, Clinical Hirsutism Secondary to Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 4 No. 10 (2025): October
- Khansa Salsabila, Puji Pinta Omas Sinurat, Irina Kemala Nasution, Association between Coagulation Profile and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio with Karnofsky Performance Status Scale In Brain Tumor Patients , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 2 No. 5 (2023): May
- Jessica Patricia Pangaribuan, Santi Syafril, Dian Anindita Lubis, Rahmad Isnanta, Imelda Rey, Effect of Glycemic Parameters on Mortality of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with COVID-19 Infection in Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 2 No. 8 (2023): August
- Maulana Taufik, Dadik Wahyu Wijaya, Andriamuri Primaputra Lubis, The Relationship Between The Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients To Predict Mortality in The COVID-19 ICU Special Care , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): October
- Sofi Oktaviera Sinaga, Kiking Ritarwan, Kiki Mohammad Iqbal, Relationship between Cluster of Differentiation 4 Levels and Neuroopthalmic Manifestations in HIV Patients in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 2 No. 11 (2023): November
- Samuel Ndlovu, Thabo Mokoena, Lerato Khumalo , Independent Determinants of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): April
- Gio Justisia Batubara , Refli Hasan , Ali Nafiah Nasution , Harris Hasan, Anggia Chairuddin Lubis, Cut Aryfa Andra, Risk Factor–Weighted Clinical Probability for Predicting Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Presenting with Unstable Angina , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): March
- Yeni Puspawani, Gusbakti Rusip, Ali Napiah, Curcumin in Sepsis: Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms, Nano-Formulations, and Evidence from Preclinical and Early Clinical Studies , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
- Anan Chaiyasit, Siriporn Wattanakul , Kittisak Rattanapong , Gut Microbiota as a Critical Modulator of Host Immune Responses in Severe Infections: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Implications , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): March
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.